Why it happens
Implied volatility rises into earnings because nobody knows the result. After the report, the unknown is gone, IV resets lower and vega losses hit every option on the stock.
Ways traders plan for it (examples, not advice)
- Compare the expected move to your target; if the stock must beat it, buying options is a hard trade.
- Spreads reduce vega exposure because you own and sell volatility at once.
- Some traders sell premium into earnings with defined risk to benefit from the crush.